VISA & MIGRATION

The right visa.

The right strategy.

Getting the wrong advice at the wrong time costs you years — not just money. We're MARA-registered agents who tell you exactly what your situation calls for.

MARA-registered · Sydney · Est. in Kogarah

STUDENT VISA

Subclass 500

Start here.

Everything begins with the student visa.

The Subclass 500 Student Visa is your entry point into Australia's international education system. It lets you study full-time at a CRICOS-registered institution, work up to 48 hours per fortnight during term, and bring eligible family members with you.

Getting it right the first time matters enormously. A poorly prepared application — missing documents, inconsistent financials, a weak genuine temporary entrant statement — can result in a refusal that follows you for years. We prepare applications properly, the first time.

Work rights: 48 hrs/fortnight during term
Family: partner + children included
Funds: must demonstrate 1 year costs
Calculate how much you need to show →

GRADUATE VISA

Subclass 485

You finished studying.

Now build your future.

The Temporary Graduate Visa (Subclass 485) lets you stay and work in Australia after you graduate. It's the most important bridge between your studies and permanent residency — and since 2024, the rules have tightened significantly.

Who qualifies

You must be under 35 at the time of application (exceptions apply for PhD and Masters by Research graduates, who can apply under 50). You must have held a Student visa, completed a CRICOS-registered course of at least 2 academic years, and apply within 6 months of finishing.

How long you get

VET/trade graduates: up to 18 months. Bachelor and Masters coursework graduates: 2 years. PhD graduates: 3 years. Studied in a regional area? You may qualify for additional time. Duration depends on your qualification and study location.

English requirement

You need IELTS 6.5 overall with no band below 5.5 — or the equivalent in PTE, TOEFL, or other accepted tests. Results must be from within 12 months of your application date. Don't leave this to the last minute.

What it costs

From 1 March 2026, the visa application fee is AUD $4,600 for the main applicant. Additional charges apply for secondary applicants. Current Home Affairs fee applies — always verify the exact figure at homeaffairs.gov.au before lodging.

⚠️ The 485 is a once-only opportunity in most cases. Choosing the wrong stream, missing the 6-month lodgement window, or submitting an incomplete application can cost you your entire post-study work entitlement. Get advice before you apply.

EMPLOYER SPONSORED

Subclass 482

Got a job offer?

This visa keeps you in Australia.

The Skills in Demand visa (Subclass 482) is Australia's main employer-sponsored temporary work visa. If an Australian employer wants to hire you and can't find a suitable local candidate, they can sponsor you — and after two years of full-time work, you may be eligible for permanent residency through the Employer Nomination Scheme (Subclass 186).

The 482 replaced the old TSS visa in December 2024. The structure changed significantly — three streams, new occupation lists, updated salary thresholds. If you're still relying on information from 2023 or earlier, it's probably out of date.

CORE SKILLS

Occupation: 456 occupations on the CSOL

Salary: Min. AUD $76,515/year (rising to $79,499 from 1 July 2026)

Duration: Up to 4 years

PR: Eligible via Subclass 186 after 2 years

SPECIALIST SKILLS

Occupation: High-skill, high-salary roles

Salary: Min. AUD $141,210/year (rising to $146,717 from 1 July 2026)

Duration: Up to 4 years

PR: Eligible via Subclass 186 after 2 years

LABOUR AGREEMENT

Occupation: Industries with formal DHA agreements

Salary: Negotiated — concessions may apply

Duration: Up to 4 years

PR: Pathway depends on agreement terms

Salary thresholds are indexed annually. Figures shown are current as at April 2026. Verify at homeaffairs.gov.au before lodging.

PERMANENT RESIDENCY

The end goal.

How people actually get there.

There's no single path to Australian PR — and anyone who tells you otherwise isn't being straight with you. The right route depends on your occupation, your points score, your work history, and what state you're in. Here are the main routes our clients use.

01

Points-tested skilled migration

Subclass 189 · 190 · 491

If your occupation is on the skilled list and you have enough points — age, English, qualifications, work experience — you can apply for an invitation through SkillSelect. The 189 is independent (no employer or state needed). The 190 needs state nomination. The 491 is regional. All lead to PR.

02

Employer nomination

Subclass 186 · 187

If you've been working for an Australian employer on a 482 visa for at least two years, your employer can nominate you for permanent residency. This is the most common PR pathway for trade and skilled workers — and since 2025, the two-year clock is portable across employers.

03

Graduate to PR

485 → 189/190/491 or 186

The 485 is not a PR visa — but it's the bridge that makes PR possible. Use your 485 years to gain Australian work experience, hit English score targets, and build the points or employment history you need for your next visa. Planning this from day one makes all the difference.

04

Regional pathways

Subclass 491 → 191

Studying or working in a designated regional area can unlock additional visa time on your 485, higher points for SkillSelect, and access to the 491 regional sponsored visa — which leads to the 191 permanent visa. If you're flexible on location, regional pathways are worth serious consideration.

Not sure which pathway suits your profile?

Book a free assessment

SKILLS ASSESSMENTS

Before the visa comes the assessment.

We've done hundreds of these.

Most skilled migration visas require a positive skills assessment before you can lodge. The assessing body depends on your occupation — and submitting to the wrong body, or with the wrong evidence, wastes months and money. We know exactly what each body needs.

VETASSESS

Professionals and some technical occupations — including business, education, community services, and many trade-adjacent roles

One of the most complex assessments — evidence requirements are strict and vary significantly by occupation code. Don't guess.

TRA (Trades Recognition Australia)

Trade occupations — carpentry, tiling, bricklaying, automotive electrical, and other Certificate III/IV trade qualifications

Requires a skills assessment interview in most cases. The Job Ready Program (JRP) is a separate TRA pathway specifically for recent VET graduates.

ANMAC

Nursing and midwifery occupations

Mandatory for all internationally-qualified nurses. Registration with AHPRA must follow a positive ANMAC assessment.

ACS

ICT and technology occupations

Required for most IT-related skilled migration applications. Outcome affects your points score and occupation eligibility.

Engineers Australia

All engineering disciplines

Uses the Washington, Sydney, or Dublin Accord depending on your qualification level. Processing can take several months — start early.

Not sure which assessing body applies to you? That's exactly the kind of question we answer in a free call.

Book now →

COMMON QUESTIONS

Answered honestly.

An education consultant helps you choose a course and apply to institutions — but they can't legally give visa advice. A MARA-registered migration agent can do both: advise on visa strategy, prepare and lodge applications, and represent you if issues arise. At StudyTalk, we do both — which means your course choice and your visa strategy are planned together, not in silos.
A refusal is serious but not always final. Depending on the reason, your options may include requesting a review through the Administrative Review Tribunal (ART), re-applying with a stronger application, or exploring alternative visa pathways — including New Zealand. The right response depends entirely on the specific reason for refusal. Book a call immediately — timing matters.
Yes — but through the Post-Vocational Education Work stream. Your qualification must be related to an occupation on the skilled occupation list, and you'll need a positive skills assessment at the time of lodgement. The visa is granted for up to 18 months. This is a stream where getting the occupation matching right upfront is critical.
There's no central registry of sponsoring employers — you need to approach employers directly and make the case. The good news is that since 2024, the work experience requirement dropped to one year, making you eligible for sponsorship earlier in your career. We help clients prepare their approach to employers and understand exactly what the process involves for both sides.
SkillSelect is the online system through which Australia manages expressions of interest (EOIs) for points-tested skilled migration visas. You submit an EOI with your points score, and if your score is competitive enough when an invitation round occurs, you're invited to apply for a visa. Invitation cutoffs vary by occupation and visa type — some occupations receive invitations at 65 points, others require 90+. We'll tell you honestly where your profile sits.
It depends entirely on your pathway. Employer nomination (186 TRT) can be possible in as little as 2 years from when you start working on a 482 visa. Points-tested pathways (189/190/491) depend on your score and the occupation's invitation cutoff — timelines range from months to years. We build realistic timelines with every client, so you know what to expect before you commit to a pathway.
No — a skills assessment is not required for a student visa application. It becomes relevant when you're applying for a graduate visa (485 via the vocational stream) or a skilled migration visa. But if your long-term goal is PR, we'll flag which assessment you'll eventually need so you can plan your course and work experience accordingly.
Yes. Our MARA-registered agents can review refusal decisions, advise on merits review applications to the Administrative Review Tribunal, and help you understand your options. We'll be direct with you about the strength of any review case — we won't take your money for an appeal we don't think will succeed.

Have a question that's not listed here?

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GET PROPER ADVICE

Talk to a registered agent.

Not a chatbot. Not a brochure.

Book a free 30-minute call with one of our MARA-registered agents. We'll look at your visa history, your qualifications, and your goals — and give you a straight answer about what's actually possible.

Or call us: 0490 055 545

Sydney · Kogarah NSW · MARA-registered

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